What is Arthritis?
There are 127 different kinds of arthritis.
Rheumatoid Arthritis - Severe inflammation that involves many joints and moves beyond musculoskeletal system.
Gout - Very painful form of arthritis characterized by the formation of uric acid crystals and severe inflammation.
Osteoarthritis - Progress be generation of joint cartilage. Minor degree of inflammation.
What is GOUT ?
Gout is a metabolic disease in which crystals of uric acid ( monosodium urate) gets deposited in joints and surrounding soft tissues.
Clinical features -
1) Peak age of Onset in Men is 45years.
2) usually after 2230 years of sustained Hyperuricemia.
3) Usually single joint involvement at first , common in 1st Metatarsophalangeal Joint of Great Toe.
4) Other Joints - Ankle,Midfoot,Knee,Small joints of hands and wrist.
5) Severe pain and extreme tenderness.
6) the joints are red hots swollen with shiny overlying skin and dilated veins.
7) Fever , Malaise.
8) Pruritis, Desquamation
9) Initial attacks are Usually self initiated over 5-14 days.
Diagnosis Of Gouty Arthritis.
Diagnosis is confirmed by synovial fluid Aspiration.
The definative diagnosis of gouty arthritis requires aspiration and examination of synovial fluid from an affected joint using polarized light microscopy to confirm the presence of the needle shaped monosodium urate crystal.
Arthrocentesis - Joint aspiration, is a procedure whereby a sterile needle and syringe are used to drain fluid from a joint.
Prevention -
Once you are diagnostics with Gout , you are a patient of gout for your whole life.
Avoid protein rich diet.
Avoid dehydration - especially in hot weather.
Avoid unaccustomed strenuous exercise.
Care should be taken in patients on long term diuretics and low dose aspirin.
Drug Treatment -
Given to Control levels of uric acid in blood.
To prevent long term complications.
Drug dosage to be adjust according to level of uric acid.
Allopurinol
Is one of the oldest and comment drive use to control the levels of uric acid in blood. This drug inhibits xanthine oxidase which converts xanthine into uric acid.
Probenicid - Promotes excretion of uric acid through kidneys.
Sulphinpyrazone - Promotes excretion of uric acid through kidneys.
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